Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a condition characterized by severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. HG can lead to dehydration, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances. It can also cause malnutrition and other serious complications. HG affects up to 3% of pregnancies, and can be disabling or even life-threatening.
The exact cause of HG is unknown, but it is thought to be due to a combination of factors, including hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, and psychological stress. HG is more common in first-time pregnancies and in pregnancies where the mother is carrying twins or triplets.
HG typically starts in the first trimester of pregnancy, and can continue throughout the pregnancy. The symptoms of HG can vary from mild to severe, and can include:
– Nausea that is not relieved by vomiting
– Vomiting more than 3 times per day
– Weight loss of more than 5% of body weight
– Dehydration
– Electrolyte imbalances
– Malnutrition
– Fatigue
– Dizziness
– Lightheadedness
– Fainting
– Headaches
– Abdominal pain
– Constipation
– Diarrhea
– Difficulty urinating
– Blood in the vomit
– Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
– Ketosis
– Low blood pressure
– Rapid heart rate
– Confusion
– Coma
HG can be a difficult condition to manage, and can have a significant impact on the mother’s quality of life. Treatment of HG typically includes a combination of anti-nausea medications, IV fluids, and nutritional support. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary. As such, it is important to all be informed on the pathophysiology of Hyperemesis gravidarum.
If you are pregnant and experiencing any of the above symptoms, it is important to speak to your doctor or midwife as soon as possible. HG is a serious condition, but it is treatable. With proper treatment, most women with HG are able to have a healthy pregnancy and delivery.
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What is the difference between hyperemesis gravidarum and morning sickness?
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